Impamvu zituma ubuzima bwibintu butandukanye bwibinyobwa mububiko

Ubuzima bubi bwibinyobwa mububiko akenshi buratandukanye kubera ibintu byinshi, bishobora gushyirwa mubyiciro bikurikira:

1. Uburyo butandukanye bwo gutunganya:

Uburyo bwo gutunganya bwakoreshwa mubiryo bigira ingaruka kuburyo bugaragara mubuzima bwayo.

• Uht(Ultra Hejuru) Gutunganya: Ibinyobwa byatunganijwe ukoresheje tekinoroji ya UHT bishyuha cyane kugeza ubushyuhe bwinshi (mubisanzwe 135 ° C kugeza mu gihe gito, kwica neza. Ibinyobwa bya Uht birashobora kumara amezi cyangwa kugeza kumwaka kandi mubisanzwe ntibisaba filime. Ubu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa kumata, yiteguye-kunywa ikawa, icyayi cyamata, hamwe nibinyobwa bisa.
• HTST (Ubushyuhe Burebure bwo gutunganya): Ibinyobwa byatunganijwe ukoresheje HTST bishyuha kugeza ubushyuhe bwo hepfo (mubisanzwe hafi ya 72 ° C) kandi bibera igihe gito (amasegonda 15 kugeza 30). Mugihe ubu buryo bugira akamaro mukwica bagiteri, ntabwo ari imbaraga nka uht, bityo ubuzima bwibintu byibi binyobwa bukunda kuba bigufi, mubisanzwe bisaba firigo kandi bimara iminsi mike gusa mubyumweru. HTST ikoreshwa kumata mashya hamwe nibinyobwa bike.
• ESL (yaguye ubuzima bwa Shelf) Gutunganya: Gutunganya ESL nuburyo bwo kuvura butunganiza bugwa hagati ya paste gakondo na uht. Ibinyobwa birashyuha kugeza ubushyuhe hagati ya 85 ° C na 100 ° C kumasegonda menshi kugeza muminota. Ubu buryo bwica neza mikorobe nyinshi mugihe uzigamye uburyohe nintungamubiri, kwagura ubuzima bwibintu kugeza ku byumweru bike cyangwa ukwezi, kandi mubisanzwe bisaba firigo. ESL ikoreshwa cyane kumata, yiteguye-kunywa, n'ibinyobwa byimbuto.
• Kanda: Imashini ikonje nuburyo bwo gukuramo ibinyobwa bitarimo ubushyuhe, bityo bikaba byiza urinde intungamubiri na flavour. Ariko, kubera ko nta paste yubushyuhe bwimbitse iba irimo, mikorobe irashobora gukura byoroshye, ibinyobwa bikonje bikonje bifite ubuzima bugufi buke, mubisanzwe iminsi mike, kandi bigomba gucika intege. Ubukonje-bukunze gukoreshwa mugutegura imitobe nibinyobwa byubuzima.
• Pasteurisation: Ibinyobwa bimwe bikoresha ubushyuhe buke (mubisanzwe hagati ya 60 ° C na 85 ° C) kugirango uce mikorobe mugihe kirekire. Ibi binyobwa bikunda kugira ubuzima burebure bugereranije nibinyobwa bikonje bikonje ariko biracyagufi kurenza ibicuruzwa bya Uht, mubisanzwe bimara ibyumweru bike kugeza memezi. Pasteuriatisation ikunze gukoreshwa kubicuruzwa n'ibinyobwa.

2. Uburyo bwuzuye:

Uburyo bwuzuye bufite ingaruka zitaziguye ku buzima bwibinyobwa nububiko, cyane cyane nyuma yubushyuhe.

• Kwuzura: Kuzuza bishyushye birimo kuzuza ibinyobwa bifite ibinyobwa byashyushye cyane, hakurikiraho ikimenyetso gihita. Ubu buryo bubuza umwuka no hanze kwinjiza, bityo ubuzima bwa gikonoshwa. Kuzuza bishyushye bikoreshwa mugutega amata yiteguye-yo kunywa, ibinyobwa, nisupu, akenshi bifatanije numwuka wa UHT cyangwa ESL.
• Kwuzura ubukonje: Kuzuza ubukonje bikubiyemo kuzuza ibinyobwa bifite ibinyobwa byarakonje kandi ukemeza kashe ifatanye. Ubu buryo busanzwe busaba ibidukikije bito kandi bikoreshwa mubinyobwa bitarimo kuvurwa ubushyuhe, nkumutonda ukaze. Kubera ko ibyo binyobwa bitabaye ubushyuhe, bagomba kubikwa muri filime kandi bafite ubuzima bugufi.
• Kuzungurira aeptic: Kuzuza aseptic bivuga kuzuza ibidukikije mubidukikije, akenshi ukoresheje umwuka cyangwa amazi meza yo gukuraho mikorobe zose imbere muri kontineri. Kuzuza aseptic bikunze guhuzwa na uht cyangwa esl gutunganya, kwemerera ibinyobwa bikabikwa mubushyuhe bwicyumba mugihe kinini. Ubu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa mugutega amata, imitobe yimbuto, hamwe nibinyobwa bisa.
• Yuburanisha: Kuzuza vacuum bikubiyemo kuzuza kontineri no gukora icyuho imbere kugirango wirinde umwuka winjira. Mu kugabanya guhuza umwuka, ubuzima bwakazi bwibicuruzwa buragurwa. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa mubicuruzwa bisaba ubuzima burebure budafite ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, nkibiryo byamazi.

3. Uburyo bwo gupakira:

Uburyo ibinyobwa byapakiwe kandi bigira ingaruka mubuzima bwayo.

• Gupakira bifunze: Gupakira bifunze (nka aluminiyumu foil cyangwa film) ifasha gukumira ikirere, umucyo, nubushuhe kwinjira muri kontineri, bigabanya iterambere rya microbial kugirango ugabanye ubuzima. Ibinyobwa bya Uht bikunze gukoresha ibipfunyika bifunze, bishobora kubika ibicuruzwa bishya amezi.
• Ibirahuri cyangwa icupa rya plastike: Niba ibipakira bidafunze neza, ibinyobwa birashobora guhura na bagiteri yindege na bagiteri zo hanze, kugabanya ubuzima bwayo.
• Ibinyobwa byubucukingo byo gukonjesha: Ibinyobwa bimwe bisaba firigo na nyuma yo gupakira. Ibi binyobwa ntibishobora kugira ibipakira bifunze rwose cyangwa ntibishobora kuba byaravugiye mubushyuhe bukabije, bivamo ubuzima bugufi.

4. Inyongeramubano no kubungabunga:

Ibinyobwa byinshi bikoresha ibicuruzwa cyangwa inyongeramusaruro kwagura ubuzima bwabo.

• Kubungabunga: Ibikoresho nka potasiyumu birangira na sodium benzoate bibuza imikurire ya mikoroguro, bityo bigagura ubuzima bwibinyobwa.
• Antioxidants: Ibikoresho nka vitamine C na vitamine e birinda okidation yintungamubiri mubinyobwa, kubungabunga uburyohe n'amabara.
• Nta koroshya: Ibinyobwa bimwe na bimwe bivuga ko "abiteganya-kubuntu" cyangwa "karemano," bisobanura ntaho kibangamirwa, kandi ibi bikunda kugira ubuzima bugufi.

5. Ibinyobwa:

Ibigize mubinyobwa byerekana uburyo byangirika.

• Amata meza n'ibikomoka ku mata: Amata meza nibindi bicuruzwa byamata (nka yogurt natagakes) bikubiyemo poroteyine na lactoses, bikaba byoroshye gukura kwa bagiteri. Mubisanzwe bakeneye kuvurwa neza kugirango bange ubuzima bushya.
• Ibinyobwa by'imbuto n'amarira: Ibinyobwa birimo imitobe yimbuto, ibiryo, amazi meza, cyangwa amabara ashobora kugira ibikenewe byo kubungabunga kandi birashobora kugira ingaruka kumibereho yacu hamwe nibikoresho byihariye byakoreshejwe.

6. Kubika no gutwara abantu:

Uburyo ibinyobwa bibikwa kandi bitwarwa birashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye mubuzima bwacyo.

• Firigo n'imibanire yubushyuhe: Ibinyobwa bimwe bigomba gukonjesha kugirango birinde iterambere rya ballateri no kwangiza. Ibi binyobwa mubisanzwe byanditseho "bisaba firigo" cyangwa "firigo nyuma yo kugura." Ibinyobwa bya Uht, ariko, mubisanzwe birashobora kubikwa mubushyuhe bwicyumba mugihe kinini.
• Imiterere yo gutwara: Niba ibinyobwa byerekanwe nubushyuhe bwinshi mugihe cyo gutwara, ubuzima bwabo bushobora kugabanywa, nkubushyuhe budakwiye bushobora kwihuta.

7. Gutegura ibicuruzwa no gutunganya:

Gutegura no gutunganya ibinyobwa binagira ingaruka mubuzima bwacyo.

• Ibinyobwa rimwe na kimwe na valment ibinyobwa: Ibinyobwa rimwe na kimwe (nk'amata yera) akenshi bikubiyemo ibice bisanzwe kandi birashobora kugira ubuzima bugufi. Ibinyobwa byahinduwe (nk'icyayi cyamata, amata meza, cyangwa kwitegura ikawa) birashobora kungukirwa nibirungo bifasha ubuzima bwa filf.